Active Atom Materials - Titanium Group

Periodic Table Element Ti

The base element material for this section is titanium.
There are 40 grades of titanium from consumer grade, to space grade, to medical.
Titanium is best known as the light as aluminum tough as steel metal known as the strength to density ratio (the highest of any metal), the metal is also high in corrosion resistance, is hyper allergenic (very safe for humans) and in fact humans and plants absorb titanium daily, humans about 0.08 milligrams daily.

Titanium is a super alloy, it is 30% stronger and 50% lighter then steel and it is 2 times as strong as aluminum and 60% heaver then aluminum.

We work with a variety of grades at Active Atom and here are some of the grades we machine.

Most of the titanium grades listed below require an order from the foundry and are not commonly stocked at any amount.

Common titanium’s that can be bought from local inventories are:

• Grade 1
• Grade 2
• Grade 2H
• Grade 3
• Grade 4
• Grade 5
• Grade 5 ELI
• Grade 6
• Grade 7
• Grade 7H
• Grade 9
• Grade 11
• Grade 12
• Grade 23

All titanium’s not listed above are foundry, made to order, requiring a large purchasing commitment and extended lead times.

Grades 1, 2, 3 & 4

These 4 commercial 99% pure titanium grades and we precision machine them at Active Atom.
Because these are pure titanium, they are similar to series 1000-xxxx aluminum in respect to their purity as series 1000-xxxx is 99% pure aluminum.

These 4 are highly malleable and ductile (they can be formed into objects and dent or scratch with ease) this mean in our case they are good for reducing cost and speeding up machine run times when machining prototype parts that will be manufactured in higher tougher grade 5 and above for future products.

All grades of titanium have trace amounts of carbon C, oxygen O, nitrogen N, hydrogen H, iron Fe.
These 5 elements are trace amounts in grade 1 through 4 as well and are the only elements that exist within them. The amount of elements vary and cause the slight alloyed effects making the differences from grade 1 to grade 4.

Unalloyed Titanium Grades

Grade 1

99% + titanium Ti, 0.20% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.18% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
Hardness Rockwell HRB 70

Grade 2 50 KSI maximum

99% + titanium Ti, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.25% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
Hardness Rockwell HRB 80

Grade 2H / 58 KSI maximum

99% + titanium Ti, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.25% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
(See grades with an “H” note below to learn more)

Grade 3

99% + titanium Ti,
Hardness Rockwell HRC 16

Grade 4

99% + titanium Ti,
Hardness Rockwell HRC 23

Alloyed Titanium Grades

Grade 5 6AL-4V

We machine 6AL-4V grade 5 titanium Ti 90% it is alloyed with 6% aluminum Al, 4% vanadium V, 0.40% iron Fe.
Machinability Scale 22%
Hardness Rockwell HRC 36

Grade 5 ELI

Grade 5 ELI retains the same properties as Grade 23 (see grade 23 below for details) it is alloyed with 6% aluminum Al. 4% vanadium V, the difference is its higher controlled quality, it has a maximum allowable iron Fe at 0.25% instead of the 0.40% in grade 5.
Machinability Scale 22%
Hardness Rockwell HRC 36

Grade 6

Grade 6 has aluminum like grade 5 but instead of vanadium it has tin.
Grade 6 titanium is alloyed with 4.0% to 6.0% aluminum Al, 2.0% to 3.0% tin Sn, 0.50% iron Fe.

Grade 7 / 50 KSI maximum

Grade 7 titanium is alloyed with 0.12% palladium Pd, 0.30% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium below to learn more)
(See grades note containing Precious Metals from the Platinum Elements Group below to learn more)

Grade 7H / 58 KSI maximum

Grade 7H titanium is alloyed with 0.12% palladium Pd, 0.30% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades note containing Precious Metals from the Platinum Elements Group below to learn more)
(See grades with an “H” note below to learn more)

Grade 8

There is no Grade 8 Titanium.

Grade 9

Grade 9 has the same alloying elements as grade 5 but at approximately half the three alloy element amounts.
Grade 9 titanium is alloyed with 2.5% to 3.5% aluminum Al, 2.0% to 3.0% vanadium V, 0.25% iron Fe.

Grade 10

There is no Grade 10 Titanium.

Grade 11

Grade 11 is alloyed with 0.12 % to 0.25% palladium Pd, 0.20 iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 12

Grade 12 is where the first titanium grade adding 0.6% to 0.9% nickel Ni, 0.2% to 0.4% molybdenum comes into the offering.
Grade 12 titanium is alloyed with0.6% to 0.9% nickel Ni, 0.2 to 0.4% molybdenum Mo, 0.30% iron Fe.

Grades 13, 14 & 15

Grade 13 Grade 14 Grade 15 each nearly identical with very fine percentage changes to the base product for oxygen O, nitrogen N, and iron Fe.

Grade 13

Grade 13 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.06% ruthenium Ru, 0.4% to 0.6% nickel Ni, 0.20% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.10% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 14

Grade 14 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.06% ruthenium Ru, 0.4% to 0.6% nickel Ni, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.15% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 15

Grade 15 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.06% ruthenium Ru, 0.4% to 0.6% nickel Ni, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.08% carbon C, 0.25% oxygen O, 0.05% nitrogen N, 0.015% hydrogen H.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 16 / 50 KSI maximum

Grade 16 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.30 iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 16H / 58 KSI maximum

Grade 16H titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.30 iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 17

Grade 17 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.20% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 18

Grade 18 titanium is alloyed with 2.5% to 3.5% aluminum Al, 2.0% to 3.0% vanadium V, 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.25% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grades 19, 20 & 21

Note: grade 19 grade 20 grade 21 only have 0.05% carbon C lower then all other titanium except grade 36 which is 0.04% all other grades are 0.08%.

Grade 19 (Beta C)

Grade 19 is made for springs, fasteners and torsion bars to mention purposes for this alloy, it is identical in properties as grade 20 except it has no 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.30% iron Fe.
Grade 19 titanium is alloyed with 3.0% to 4.0% aluminum Al, 7.5% top 8.5% vanadium V, 0.04% to 0.08%, 3.5% to 4.5% molybdenum Mo, 5.5% to 6.5% chromium Co, 3.5% to 4.5% zirconium Zr.

Grade 20

Grade 20 titanium is alloyed with 3.0% to 4.0% aluminum Al, 7.5% top 8.5% vanadium V, 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 3.5% to 4.5% molybdenum Mo, 5.5% to 6.5% chromium Co, 3.5% to 4.5% zirconium Zr, 0.30% iron Fe.
Palladium added means that grade 20 is more corrosion resistant then grade 19.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 21

Grade 21 titanium is the first grade to have silicon Si added at 0.15% to 0.25% and this is the highest amount by percentage 14.0% to 16.0% molybdenum Mo.
Grade 21 is alloyed with 2.5% to 3.5% aluminum Al, 14.0% to 16.0% molybdenum Mo, 0.15% to 0.25% silicon Si, 0.40 iron Fe.

Grade 22

There is no Grade 22 titanium.

Grade 23

Grade 23 titanium retains the same properties as Grade 5 ELI (see grade 5 ELI above for details) it is alloyed with 6% aluminum Al. 4% vanadium V, the difference is its higher controlled quality, it has a maximum allowable iron Fe at 0.25% instead of the 0.40% in grade 5.
Machinability Scale 22%
Hardness Rockwell HRC 36

Grade 24

Grade 24 is nearly the same as Grade 5 with the addition of 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd.
Grade 24 titanium is alloyed with 5.5% to 6.75% aluminum Al, 3.5% to 4.5% vanadium V, 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.40% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 25

Grade 25 is nearly the same as Grade 24 with the addition of 0.3% to 0.8% nickel Ni.
Grade 25 titanium is alloyed with 5.5% to 6.75% aluminum Al, 3.5% to 4.5% vanadium V, 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.3% to 0.8% nickel Ni, 0.40% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 26 / 50 KSI maximum

Grade 26 titanium is alloyed with 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium Ru, 0.30% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 26H / 58 KSI maximum

Grade 26 titanium is alloyed with 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium Ru, 0.30% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 27

Grade 27 titanium is alloyed with 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium Ru, 0.20% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 28

Grade 28 titanium is alloyed with 2.5% to 3.5% aluminum Al, 2.0% to 3.0% vanadium V, 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium Ru, 0.25% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 29

Grade 29 titanium is alloyed with 5.5% to 6.5% aluminum Al. 3.5% to 4.5% vanadium V, 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium Ru, 0.25% iron Fe.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grades 30 & 31

Note: Grade 30 and 31 are nearly the same with a variance in the amount of oxygen O and nitrogen N and these are the only titanium to be alloyed with cobalt Co.

Grade 30

Grade 30 titanium is one of only 2 grades of titanium to be alloyed with cobalt Co.
Grade 30 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.20% to 0.80% cobalt, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.25% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 31

Grade 31 titanium is one of only 2 grades of titanium to be alloyed with cobalt Co.
Grade 31 titanium is alloyed with 0.04% to 0.08% palladium Pd, 0.20% to 0.80% cobalt, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.35% oxygen O, 0.05% nitrogen.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 32

Grade 32 alloyed with 4.5% to 5.5% aluminum Al, 0.6% to 1.4% Vanadium V, 0.6% to 1.2% molybdenum Mo, 0.06% to 014% silicon Si, 0.6% to 1.4% zirconium Zr, 0.6% to 1.4% tin Sn.

Grades 33 & 34

Grade 33 and grade 34 are the only two titanium grades to contain both palladium Pd and ruthenium Ru. These two are nearly the same except for minor differences in the oxygen O and nitrogen N percentages.

Grade 33

Grade 33 titanium is alloyed with 0.01% to 0.02% palladium Pd, 0.02% to 0.04% ruthenium Ru, 0.35% to 0.55% nickel Ni, 0.1% to 0.2% chromium Cr, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.25% oxygen O, 0.03% nitrogen.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 34

Grade 33 titanium is alloyed with 0.01% to 0.02% palladium Pd, 0.02% to 0.04% ruthenium Ru, 0.35% to 0.55% nickel Ni, 0.1% to 0.2% chromium Cr, 0.30% iron Fe, 0.35% oxygen O, 0.05% nitrogen.
(See super corrosion resistance alloyed titanium note below to learn more)
(See grades containing precious metals from the platinum group note below to learn more)

Grade 35

Grade 35 titanium is the only grade titanium to have a large flexible iron Fe tolerance range 0.20% to 0.80%.
Grade 35 alloyed with 4.0% to 5.0% aluminum Al, 1.1% to 2.1% vanadium V, 1.5% to 2.5% molybdenum Mo, 0.20% to 0.40% silicon Si, 0.20% to 0.80% iron.

Grade 36

Grade 36 is the only titanium grade to have niobium Nb and the percentage is staggering at 42.0% to 47.0%, it also has the lowest carbon at 0.04% and lowest iron at 0.03%.
We do not machine this it is very specialized for use in super conductors for super conducting wiring and magnets.
Grade 36 titanium is alloyed with 42.0% to 47.0% niobium Nb, 0.03% iron

Grade 37

Grade 37 titanium is alloyed with 1.0% to 2.0% aluminum Al, 0.30% iron.

Grade 38

Grade 38 Same properties to grade 9 except the maximum iron Fe allowable is 1.2% to 1.8% versus grade 9 at a max iron Fe 0.25%.
Grade 38 titanium is alloyed with 3.5% to 4.5% aluminum Al, 2.0% to 3.0% vanadium V, 1.2% to 1.8% iron Fe.

Grade 39

Grade 39 like grade 21, grade 32, grade 35 is alloyed with Silicon Si.
Grade 39 titanium is alloyed with 0.30% to 0.50% silicon Si, 0.15% to 0.40% iron Fe.

Grades with an “H”

There are four grades of titanium that have a grade number followed by an “H”
Grade 2H Grade 7H Grade 16H and Grade 26H.

The H is attached to titanium that while it is the grade number, it has a (UTS) Ultimate Tensile Strength substantially greater then the minimum specification requirement for that specific grade.
Example: Let’s use Grade 7 titanium that requires a minimum KSI (thousand pounds per square inch) the minimum for grade 7 is 50 KSI, however if the ultimate tensile strength comes in at 58 KSI the material can then be graded as Grade 7H as a higher strength titanium.

All four “H” grades have a 58 KSI maximum and all 4 non “H” versions of these have a 50 KSI maximum.

Corrosion Resistant Grades

Titanium is a great resistor of corrosion, and while all 40 grades of titanium offer great corrosion resistance there are super corrosion resistant titanium applications that this alloy is best created for.

Super Corrosion Resistant Grades

Super Corrosion Resistance Alloyed Titanium.
Titanium has two precious metals elements adding in the alloying from the foundry, they are two of the five elements in the platinum group of the periodic table of elements.
The five elements of the platinum group are platinum Pt, osmium Os, iridium Ir, ruthenium Ru, rhodium Rh and palladium Pd, of these five palladium and ruthenium are independently or combined (grade 33 and grade 34) into some of the below grades of titanium grades at less then 1% each.

Precious Metals Grades

Precious Metals from the Platinum Elements Group

The addition of palladium Pd Precious Metals.
There are fourteen grades of titanium that are super corrosion resistant alloys.
Grade 7, Grade 7H, Grade 11, Grade 16, Grade 16H, Grade 17, Grade 18, Grade 20, Grade 24, Grade 25, Grade 30, Grade 31, Grade 33, Grade 34.

The addition of ruthenium Ru Precious Metals.
There are nine grades of titanium that are also a super corrosion resistant alloy.
Grade 13, Grade 14, Grade 15, Grade 26, Grade 26H, Grade 27, Grade 28, Grade 29.

The addition of both palladium Pd and ruthenium Ru Precious Metals.
There are two grades titanium that are also a super corrosion resistant alloy.
Grade 33, Grade 34 utilize both precious metal elements.

There is no grade 8, grade 10, grade 22.